Terms Updated: Abruptness - Crystal

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ABRUPTNESS: "the way of provoking inner drala. Sharpness is the binding factor between fearlessness and gentleness...... the abrupt and spontaneous process that brings authentic presence is raising windhorse.""....http://www.glossary.shambhala.org/#INVOKINGDRALA

ABSOLUTE...."Means: needing no reference point. It is wholesome, complete by itself, self-existing." ..(Trungpa: 1996..pg 39)...

bden-pa gnyis - the 2 Truths (absolute and relative)...Two truths (Skt. dvasatya; Tib. བདེན་པ་གཉིས་, Wyl. bden pa gnyis) — everything has an absolute aspect, or absolute truth, and a relative aspect, or relative truth. The absolute or ultimate is the inherent nature of everything, how things really are. The conventional or relative is how things appear. In the teachings, these are known as ‘the two truths’, but they are not to be understood as two separate dimensions, rather as two aspects of a single reality."....http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Two_truths

AGGRESSION: "...when aggression arises you should flash sacred outlook. Usually you are so pissed off that you cut off any possibility of communication. Aggression is wisdom in some sense. Aggression is thinking that your world is right and that others are wrong. But when you begin to project sacred outlook, there is no separation at all between this world and that world. So everything is pure."....http://www.chronicleproject.com/stories_88.html

AIR ELEMENT..."three Zhang Zhung terms designating the three types of winds (the air element): tsentin, nentin, trinni." (Norbu: 1995..pg 165)...

ye-shes kyi rlung - wisdom winds, wisdom airs, jñana-vayu...awareness wind (ye shes in dbu ma), naked primal awareness, wisdom winds, wisdom airs

rung - psychic energy, wind, air, vayu

srog 'dzin rlung - life supporting wind/ prana
...yungdrung-rignga-ling.forums-free.com/the-origin-of-existence-t667.html

ANCESTORS..."Our lives are different from those of our ancestors. But, inside us are living our ancestors. Man comes from his ancestors, his parents. It is important to treat this inheritance carefully. The ancestors must never be forgotten, reverence for the ancestors must never be neglected."..(Jinga: 1958..pg 7,12)...

......"Drala is realizing that there is an intrinsic state of being in both ourselves and our ancestors. We might say that this is somewhat like ancestor worship, but nonetheless, almost all religions worship their ancestors. This is not just Buddhist or Shambhalian approach; even Christianity, Judaism, Islam and Hinduism worship their ancestors. So I don't see any reason why ancestor worship has to be put down as primitive particularly. In our case ancestor worship is slightly more connected with how one's own basic being can communicate with the general vision or the general atmosphere around one. Our approach is not entirely ancestor worship. Rather, it is like looking at the sun. The sun is always there. If we look at it we see it"....CTR

spyi mes chen-po - universal ancestor, great universal ancestor.....http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/spyi_mes_chen_po

ANCESTRAL SOVEREIGNS: "It was elaboration in story form of the old Buddhist concept of the Four Sons of Heaven, that is, rulers of the four great countries of the Asiatic world. China, India, Iran and the northern barbarians..... Gesar was the King of Trhom (Ohrom) and stood for armies and the north." (pg 280)......Tibetan Civilization.....By Rolf Alfred Stein

APPRECIATION..."Proper shopping does not entail collecting a lot of information or beauty, but it involves appreciating each individual object. It is like seeing a very interesting movie and forgetting that you are in the audience."..(Trungpa:1973..pg 16)

ARROGANCE: "Arrogance comes from lack of gentleness and lack of gentleness comes from relying on our habitual patterns....The problem of arrogance is connected with gentleness not coming through....When you are fully gentle, without arrogance and without aggression, you see the brilliance of the universe." "You develop a true perception of the universe. The basic obstacle to gentleness is arrogance. Arrogance comes from hanging on to the reference point of me and other. You may have studied the principles of warriorship and Great Eastern Sun vision, and you may have received numerous teachings on how to rest in nowness and raise your windhorse, but if you regard those as your personal accomplishment, then you are missing the point. Instead of becoming gentle and tamed, you could become extremely arrogant. "....http://www.glossary.shambhala.org/#ARROGANCE

ARROW ...(mda' dar). "Every male member of the family possesses an arrow decorated with silk, a silver mirror, and turquoise." (Nebesky: 1975...p.87)....The five silk scarves are symbolic of the five elements which are activated by the arrow...."Naguchi can chant the Arrow Eulogy of Gesar. With an arrow in his hand he chanted and danced simultaneoulsy." (Yang:1993..pg 439)...."Ati Muwer (Mu=sky..wer=king) is a deity of wisdom (yeshe lha). He holds a bow and arrow of meteoric iron." (Kvaerne:1996..pg84)..."mDar Mo is arrow divination, also known as Gesar Mo. It involves the use of two arrows." (Ekvall: 1964)..." A golden arrow with turquoise feathers and a turquoise arrow with golden feathers were the arrow of life and the arrow of the bride, presented during the marriage ceremony."...."The Altaic shaman had a miniature bow and arrows, a symbol of magical flight."..(Eliade: 1964..pg 152)..."An arrow on the string of a drawn bow of a god emphasizes sky power."...(Campbell: 1968..pg 94)...

ASHA....(the Persian counterpart of the Vedic Rta) ...."Cosmic order governing the worlds of the gods and of man. The Sacred Fire is the means whereby the offering is carried to the sky. (James: 1963...pg 76,90,94)...."For the Indo-Iranians, the sun moved across the sky and to regulate the seasons in accordance with Asha." (Boyce: 1984...pg 10)...AṦA, “truth” in Avestan, from Indo-Iranian *ṛtá-, a neuter noun having the same meaning. The word is attested in Old Persian as ạrta and in Old Indian as ṛtá-."...http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/asa-means-truth-in-avestan......"In the Vedic religion, Ṛta (Sanskrit ऋतं ṛtaṃ "that which is properly/excellently joined; order, rule; truth") is the principle of natural order which regulates and coordinates the operation of the universe and everything within it."....Holdrege, Barbara A. (2004). "Dharma" in: Mittal, S. & Thursby, G. (Eds.) The Hindu World.

ASHE: ..... "A means "first" and "last"; it also means "the manifestation of nonexistence," and it can also mean "power" or "a storehouse of power." Such power is not the gift of external agents of any kind. It is reawakened power which exists naturally. Fire has power of its own; wind has power of its own; earth has power of its own; space has power of its own. Such power has neither beginning nor end, and such power exists in you, individually, inseparable from basic goodness. A is that fundamental, basic openness, space, imperturbable and peaceful. SHE means "stroke" or "form" and it could also mean "visual manifestation." So ASHE altogether means "the powerful existence arising out of basic goodness."....http://www.beezone.com/ashe/ashe.html

AUSPICIOUS COINCIDENCE...(T:tendrel)(Sk:pratityasamutpada)... "The Tibetan term Tendrel (tenpar drelwa). Auspicious coincidence. Connections that are not visible on the surface. The natural sequence that the dralas ride on. Interdependent causation. Auspicious or favorable circumstances. ..... "According to Pon, anyone who attunes himself, through the appropriate rites and practices, to the movement of the interdependence of events is not in danger of being rejected by it. Understanding this interdependence, he can read the signs. By invoking the name of the supreme deity in the appropriate manner...he can call the gods to himself as allies and defenders." (Trungpa:1978...1984)..."good fortune (rten 'brel) applies to the auspicious events that happen to a person seemingly by magical coincidence." (Kornman in Lopez:1997, pg 81)....."auspicious coincidence; rten-brel (Sk: pratitya-samutpada)..."The coming together of factors to form...fitting, proper situations." (Nalanda: 1980..pg 343)... ‘The Brief Practice of Tendrel Nyesel’.....is the brief one that the Rigpa sangha uses for daily practice."....http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=Tendrel_Nyesel

AUTHENTIC PRESENCE...The Tibetan term: dbang thang (wang thang) Authentic Presence. "Wangthang, literally means field of power. Virtue reflected in your being, your presence. To deepen authentic presence, incorporate more space into your world."(Trungpa: 1984...P.159+)....sku drung: presence...ka dag lhun grub: primordial purity and spontaneous presence...lhun grub: spontaneous presence..."Dignity has a sense of authentic presence: it has authenticity, therefore it has presence. From that authentic presence, which comes out of non-aggression and gentleness, comes action."(Trungpa: 1996..pg 101)...

"When you look at a person who possesses authentic presence you find he has an overwhelming genuineness, which usually frightens you somewhat. It's too bold. There's something cooking, something going on. There is some sense of real trueness taking place, which feels good.

dbang - initiation, empowerment; abhisheka
http://www.glossary.shambhala.org/#AUTHENTICPRESENCE

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BASIC GOODNESS...(kunshi ngangluk kyi gewa)..."Every human being has a basic nature of goodness, which is undiluted and unconfused. That goodness contains tremendous gentleness and appreciation...we have an actual connection to reality that can wake us up." (Trungpa:1984..Pg 31)

...In Bon Dzogchen it is stated that all of reality is pervaded by a transcendent principle called "All Good". It has a male aspect called Kuntu Sangpo and a female aspect, Kungtu Sangmo, and is a "universal reality of dynamic potentiality".(Powers: 1990 p.440)

...Pictorial descriptions and information on the Tibetan deity Kuntu Sangpo ("All Good") as appears in the recent book by Per Kvaerne, "The Bon Religion of Tibet" (Shambhala Publications, 1996)
...gdod nas bzang ba: basic goodness....

gdod nas dag-pa - primordially pure

gdod nas: primordial, original, basic, from the very beginning

...thog ma'i: primal, original, basic, first

gdod-ma'i gzhi - the Primordial Base

......."Training yourself to be a warrior is learning to rest in basic goodness, rest in a complete state of simplicity." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 70)

...."In Shinto, the essence of all beings is regarded as being good, and evil is thought as being un-essential and temporary. It is thought that by harae (purification ceremonies), all things can and must be changed to good."

..(Jinja:1958..pg 28)

...."The Mithraic restoration of original goodness through 'den' (the Old Iranian word for wisdom). ..(Campbell: 1968..pg 120)

..."If the cosmic man joins in himself the highest power of the essence (xvarr) of sovereignty (sahr)[GE SAHR?] with the highest power of the essence of the Good..." (Campbell: 1968...pg 107)...

Kun tu bzang-po - Samantabhadra (name of the Primordial Buddha)

Kuntu bzang-mo Samantabhadri (name of the Primordial Wisdom)

kun-khyab all-pervading

kun-mkhyen - omniscient, all-knowing

kun tu snang-ba'i ting-nge-' dzin - the samadhi or state of contemplation which illuminates everything

kun brtag ma rig-pa - the ignorance which conceptualizes everything

Kun-byed rgyal-po - the king who creates everything

kun-rdzob - relative

kun-rdzob bden-pa - Relative Truth

kun-gzhi - the basis of everything, alaya

kun-gzhi rnam-shes - the store consciousness, alaya-vijñana

kun-bzang dgongs-pa - the Primordial State of Samantabhadra

http://www.glossary.shambhala.org/#BASICGOODNESS

BARDO....(SK:antarabhava)..."Prolonged postmortem intermediary period between death and rebirth can be traced thematically to early Vedic and Upanisadic antecedents. In the Seminal Heart Tradition of Tibet, one is never anywhere but a bardo or one type or another." (Lopez: 1997..pg 458)...

the intermediate state between death and rebirth, antariibhava

BARDO: (bar do; Skt. antarabhava)

Literally, between two. In general any interval , a between. Six bardos are usually spoken of in the Vajrayana:

1.) Death Process (chi kay bar do) the interval from the moment when the individual begins to die until the moment when the separation of the mind and body takes place.

2.) Cho nyi Bardo: the interval of the ultimate nature of phenomena when the mind is plunged into its own nature. The first phase of the after death process.

3.) The Bardo of Becoming (si pay bar do) the interval in which the mind moves towards rebirth.

4.) The Bardo between Birth and Death (chi shi bar do) Ordinary waking consciousness during the present lifetime.

5.) Dream (mi lam bar do) the dream state we experience in sleep.

6.) Meditative concentration (sam ten bar do) the state of meditative stability.

The first three are the intermediate states after death and before the next birth, It is said to usually last forth-nine days. When you are in a state of bardo you are stuck in a particular vacuum. Because of your intense desire to maintain your habitual patterns, you replay your own tapes again and again. You are locked in your own mind and you create your own world.

One of the six yogas; intermediate state.

From Dhamma Wiki: "Antarabhava (Pali, for the intermediate state) is rejected by the Abhidhamma, but in the Suttas there is the indication that there may be an intermediate state between lives in the rebirth process."

BEAUTY: "Beauty means fullness, totality--total experience. Our life is completely full even though we might be completely bored. Boredom creates aloneness and sadness, which are also beautiful. Beauty in this sense is the total experience of things as they are. It is very realistic. It means that we can't cheat ourselves--or anybody else, for that matter. The beauty of cool air; the beauty of eating a meal when we are hungry; the beauty of learning more things; the beauty of being too hot on a summer day; the beauty of being too cold in the middle of winter; the beauty of pain, as well as the beauty of pleasure. All of those are connected with the fundamental notion of basic goodness." ....http://blog.shambhala.com/2011/10/04/the-beauty-of-totality-part-one/

BINDU (Sanskrit): ( See Tibetan: thig le;tig le)

thig-le - sphere, tiny sphere, essence, bindu

thig-le chen-po - the Great Sphere, fotal sphere, mahabindu

thig-le nyag-gcig - the Unique Sphere, unique essence

thig-le stong-pa'i sgron-ma - the lamp of the empty spheres

Bindu (Sanskrit: बिंदु) is a Sanskrit word meaning "point" or "dot". A bindi is a small, ornamental, devotional dot applied to the forehead in Hinduism.

bLA: life force inside your body. You will die soon if your bla leaves. Not exactly a soul.

BLACK LIGHT..."the experience of 'black light' immediately preceeding the radiant awareness of death."..(Kongtrul: 1995..pg 276)..."From the essence of the egg was born a man of black light, Munpa Serden (Radiant Black Darkness)"..(Norbu: 1995..pg 166)...."From the heart of the egg sprang a man of black light. He was called Munpa zer-Idan nag-po and was the king of the world of non-existence."..(Karmay: 1975..pg 192)..."Med, non-being, is represented by black light and Yod, being, is characterized by white light.' (MacDonald: 1959)...

nag lam - blackness experience......Munpa Zerdan or Munpa Serden Nagpo from the Cosmic Egg creation account in Bön Buddhism...Munpa Zerdan Nagpo = mun pa zer ldan nag po = མུན་པ་ཟེར་ལྡན་ནག་པོ་.....http://dharmawheel.net/viewtopic.php?f=78&t=20290

BLUE....Shambhala Blue: "The color blue (sngo sngon po), in many Central Asian traditions, is the sacred color of the high god associated with the dome of the sky. In the www.kkbn.com Tibetan dictionary, 'o dkar is translated: "white milk color [with a slightly bluish tinge]...blue=ngon and is connected with space...".....completely and totally blue ......http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/sngon_po_sngo_kyang

BREATH..."In ancient Persia, 'jan' or 'pneuma' from which men derive not only the breath of life, but also the capacity for knowledge." (Campbell: 1968..pg 313)..."vital spirit (pneuma zōtikon)......http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/bad-wind-2

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CENTER OF THE WORLD..."The Altaic shaman believes that heaven and earth are connected by an Axis that passes through the 'Center of the World'. Their drumming projects them into this axis where they can ascend into the sky." (Eliade: 1964..pg 169)..."In Islam, the Kaaba Stone in Mecca is the one place on earth where every direction is east."....."In the Gnostic tradition, Quth is the 'Pole of the World'. With Demiourgos."...."In a wheel of time there are ceremonial doorways opening into the roots of time." (Kharatidi: 1996..pg 217)...

CEREMONIES...."In Shinto, the ceremonies connecting with summoning anew the spirit of a deity are called 'chinza-sai'. They are usually ceremonies of mysterious grandeur carried on with the utmost solemnity during the darkness."...(Jinja: 1958...pg 11).....

CHA..... (ca, cha'o,chao)(phywa).... "the term cha refers to a principle or force that embraces all the positive aspects expressed in Tibetan by words such as yang (prosperity), pal (glory), phunsum tsogpa (completeness), wang thang (ascendancy-capacity), trashi (good fortune), etc. When the forces of our cha, wangthang, and lungta are weak and in decline, secondary negative causes arise more conspicuously." ..."all phenomenon, positive as well as negative are determined by the cha. All the various conditions and situations of a person's life are controlled by or dependent on the cha force. To increase the cha (cha'o:increase, increase) one must summon the cha and yang present in the universe through a series of rites of propitiation of the cha (phywa sgrub)." (Norbu: 1995..pg 63 &72)

CHINVAT BRIDGE..."the after death bridge in the Persian traditions. Razors edge. Met by feminine daena deity.".."Stemming from very archaic Iranian roots, the Chinvat Bridge was the connecting place between the earthly and heavenly spheres." (Scott: 1990..pg 71)..."Chinvat Peretum - Bridge of the Requiter.....One interesting interpretation of the etymology of 'chinvat' (Avestan), chinvar (Pahlavi), is that the name is derived from a combination of the Avestan chinaeta or Pahlavi chitan, meaning to arrange or lay as in bricklaying and the verbal root vid meaning knowledge or recognition. The conclusion is that the chinvat bridge is constructed over a lifetime of attaining wisdom and goodness. ....When the soul arrives at the bridge, it will find present at the bridge three angels: Mithra, Saroosh and Rashnu....- If the person has been an ashavan, a person whose life was based on the precepts of asha or goodness, the bridge will be wide and accompanied by its daena (see* below), the crossing to the abode of light and song, garo-demana (house of song/praise/merit), or heaven, will be effortless. ....Sins such as murder are beyond redemption and the bridge will be razor sharp causing the soul to fall into an abyss of darkness......In between these two ends, the width of the bridge will be determined by the balance of the soul's goodness over badness as determined by Rashnu's scales of justice. "....http://heritageinstitute.com/zoroastrianism/death/index.htm

CIRCUMAMBULATION...Parikrama or Pradakshina refers to circumambulation of sacred places in Hindu, Jain or Buddhist context......(Parikarama) Clockwise is called Sun circling, counter-clockwise is called Moon circling..."Another important Bon practice seems to be the counter-clockwise circumambulation of a mountain sacred to Se and the degyes, while performing the lhasang ritual at various points along the way." (Trungpa: 1978..pg 227)..."the clockwise movement (g yas skor) was regarded as the circle of means (thabs skor) and the anti clockwise as the circle of transcendent consciousness (ye shes skor). In some rituals, men went clockwise and women went anti-clockwise." (Tucci: 1980..pg 243)....."Notice the circular direction of the natural flow of water below and above the equator."......"In Shiva temples, the devotees start the Pradakshina as usual from the front and go clockwise till they reach the gomukhi (the outlet for abhisheka water) from the Sanctum Sanctorum. As usual the clockwise perambulation is maintained outside of the Bali stones. The drainage outlet for the ritual ablution offered on the Shiva Linga with water, milk, curd, coconut water, ghee, ashes (bhasma)etc. is not to be crossed. So the worshippers have to return in anti-clockwise direction till they reach the other side of the drainage outlet to complete the circle. During this anti-clockwise perambulation, the devotee should tread a path inside of the Bali stones. The Bali stones are always to be kept the right side of the devotees. After reaching the drainage oulet, they have to return to the front in the clockwise direction keeping the path outside the Bali stones. Thus one Pradakshina is completed.".....https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parikrama#cite_note-concept-5

COLOURS...."Lemon yellow is connected with strength and with the father or king principle. Purple is considered to be the ultimate feminine or queen principle."...(Trungpa: 1996..pg 102)...The Collected Works of Chogyam Trungpa: Volume Seven: The Art of Calligraphy ...By Chogyam Trungpa (Page 133)

COSMIC EGG...(srid pa'i sgong nga)..."the Garuda hatches full grown from its egg and soars into outer space, expanding and stretching its wings, beyond any limits. (Trungpa: 1984..pg 167)....'begin with a creation of the world out of an egg and a first divine being, (Ye smon rgyal po), the divine ancestor born on a mountain and protected by a dragon, tiger, and a vulture. " (Tucci: 1980..pg 221)..."One of the three ’cham chosen to go to Lille was about the goddess Srid pa’i rgyal mo, Queen of the World, with her nine daughters, called Gze ma dgu. These were the first nine of the goddess’ twenty-seven daughters. In the Bon pantheon this goddess plays a multifarious role which suggests that she occupies a matriarchal position. Under different names, she is a partner of various tantric deities as well as manifesting herself as a religious protector."....Queen of the World and her Twenty-seven Daughters by Samten G. Karmay....http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/jiabr/pdf/JIABR_01_05.pdf

CRYSTAL...('khar skong: crystal) (chu shel:crystal) (ja shel: rainbow crystal) (dwangs shel: crystal clear) (phawong longbu: cube shaped crystal) (shel dkar rdzong:The White Crystal Castle) (sing nge ba: crystal clear, luminosity)..."The manifestation of phenomenon is like the sunlight being refracted through a clear crystal which then appears as rainbows on the walls of the room." (Reynolds: 1996..pg 149)..."A crystal is naked and translucent; in the same way, primordial awareness is bare of any conceptual thoughts, and internal and external experiences are transparent to the observing primordial awareness." (Wangyal: 1993...pg 129)...."Shenlha Wokar...the colour of his body is like the essence of crystal. His ornaments, attire, and palace are adorned by crystal light." (Kvaerne: 1996)...."Padmasambhava used a small crystal drum." (Kohn: 1971..pg 390)..."In the Mithraic tradition of ancient Persia, the sky was formed of a transparent crystalline substance." (Campbell: 1968..pg 94)...http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/'khar_skong

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Email....okarresearch@gmail.com

September 2012...Updated January 2016

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Terms Updated: Dark Age - Great Eastern Sun

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DARK AGE...(Sk: kaliyuga)...(T: snyigs-ma i-dus)...Kali Yuga (Devanāgarī: कलियुग [kəli juɡə], lit. "age of [the demon] Kali", or "age of vice") is the last of the four stages the world goes through as part of the cycle of yugas described in the Sanskrit scriptures, within the present Mahayuga. The other ages are called Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga, and Dvapara Yuga.....Kali Yuga is associated with the apocalyptic demon Kali (who is not to be confused with the goddess Kālī (काली)....... The "Kali" of Kali Yuga means "strife", "discord", "quarrel" or "contention".
Kālī (/ˈkɑːli/; Sanskrit: काली; Tamil: காளி; Bengali: কালী; IPA: [kɑːliː]), also known as Kālikā (Sanskrit: कालिका), is the Hindu goddess associated with empowerment, or shakti. She is the mighty aspect of the goddess Durga. The name of Kali means black one and force of time, she is therefore called the Goddess of Time, Change, Power, Creation, Preservation, and Destruction. Her earliest appearance is that of a destroyer principally of evil forces. Various Shakta Hindu cosmologies, as well as Shākta Tantric beliefs, worship her as the ultimate reality or Brahman; and recent devotional movements re-imagine Kāli as a benevolent mother goddess. She is often portrayed standing or dancing on her consort, the Hindu god Shiva, who lies calm and prostrate beneath her. Kali is worshipped by Hindus throughout India."

DISTRACTION..."the length of time one is able to rest undistracted in the nature of mind." (Sogyal: 1992..pg 279)..."Cyclic life is simply the arousal or excitement of the pure state of awareness 'straying away' from itself." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 54)...

DRALA PRINCIPLE..."Drala is not a god or spirit, but fundamentally it is connecting the wisdom of your own being with the power of things as they are." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 132)....

DRALHA....Non-Visible Beings......Drala or Dralha......
Drala is actually a transliteration for two different Tibetan terms. Therefore it stands for two slightly different kinds of deity. One is spelled sgra bla, and the other is spelled in Tibetan, dgra lha. The first one with the element, sgra refers to a kind of energy; it is a vibrational entity. The second (dgra-) word ends in the syllable lha, and it is a kind of god.....Jamgon Kongtrul the Great used a third spelling ....."

Drala spelt sGra bla begins with the syllable sgra which means sound, and continues with la that here means "a type of individual energy that is endowed with protective functions" (Norbu 1995.) For example, seng- ge'i sgra means the lion's roar. It is also possible to write and hence, refer to sgra'i lha since sGra means a sound or cry, but using lha here instead of la conveys the meaning of a sound deity."

"DZOGCHEN.... is not something to be limited by any narrow-minded sectarianism, for it pertains directly to the Nature of Mind, which, in its own terms, is unbiased and transcends all cultural limitations and conditioning, not only among humanity, but among all sentient life-forms on this planet and elsewhere in the universe. Dzogchen belongs to all humanity and to all life."........John Myrdhin Reynolds....'The Oral Traditions From Zhang-Zhung'....Page xx.....
Geshe Tenzin Wangyal Rinpoche, founder and spiritual director of Ligmincha International:
Dzogchen (“The Great Perfection”) Teaching Topics.....
Awakening the Luminous Mind
The Essential Wisdom of the Dzogchen Masters of Zhang Zhung
The Experiential Transmission of Zhang Zhung
Heart Drops of Dharmakaya
Ngondro: The Foundation of Dzogchen Practice
The Practice of the Six Lamps
The Practice of the Six Realms
The Seven Mirrors of Dzogchen
Tibetan Yoga (Trul Khor)
Zhiné: Calm Abiding Meditation

EARTH..."minute particles of matter (rdul phra rab: the earth element"..(Norbu: 1995..pg 165)...
"The "earth witness" Buddha is one of the most common iconic images of Buddhism. It depicts the Buddha sitting in meditation with his left hand, palm upright, in his lap, and his right hand touching the earth. This represents the moment of the Buddha's enlightenment......Just before the historical Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, realized enlightenment, it is said the demon Mara attacked him with armies of monsters to frighten Siddhartha from his seat under the bodhi tree......But the about-to-be Buddha did not move. Then Mara claimed the seat of enlightenment for himself, saying his spiritual accomplishments were greater than Siddhartha's. Mara's monstrous soldiers cried out together, "I am his witness!" Mara challenged Siddhartha--who will speak for you?.....Then Siddhartha reached out his right hand to touch the earth, and the earth itself roared, "I bear you witness!" Mara disappeared......And as the morning star rose in the sky, Siddhartha Gautama realized enlightenment and became a Buddha."

EAST....."In my sixteenth year, I looked from East to East and experienced sacred outlook...Chokyi Wangchuk."..(Nalanda: 1980..pg 56)....."Sacred World is connected with East, because there are always possibilities of vision in the world. East represents the dawn of wakefulness." "...the sacred world is lighted by the sun, which is the principle of never-ending brilliance and radiance...[and] with seeing self-existing possibilities of virtue and richness in the world." (pg 127...Sacred World.).....in the sky, the sun is there. By looking at it, you don't produce a new sun. ... When you discover the sun in the sky, you begin to communicate with it. Your eyes begin to relate with the light of the sun. ".....http://www.glossary.shambhala.org/#GES

EMPEROR..."In Shinto, the Emperor stands in the center of a community of worship and has a heavy responsibility in worship of a deity or deities. The Emperor was the center of the State in this sense, and at the same time was himself the high priest of the gods and the superintendent of worship of the gods."....(Jinja:1958...pg 6)...."Each King ruled until his oldest son was able to ride a horse."...(Karmay: 1975)..."In ancient Persia, the word for King mean not only to regulate and direct in a manner that is right, but also to shine with luster. The divine right of the king was derived from the brilliance and sovereignty of the sky itself. It was fitting that his palace should be in the 'padak' of the sun." (Campbell: 1968..pg 101)..."The Sasanian kings had special seats in the famous fire temple made of gold reserved for the Emperors of China, Byzantium, and the Khazars. Other seats of silver, etc. were arranged according to heirarchy."..(Acta: 1988..pg 105).....Emperor (Old French: empereor from Latin: 'imperator') is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent...Emperors are generally recognized to be of a higher honour and rank than kings. In Europe the title of Emperor was, since the Middle Ages, considered equal or almost equal in dignity to that of Pope, due to the latter's position as visible head of the Church and spiritual leader of Western Europe. The Emperor of Japan is the only currently reigning monarch whose title is translated into English as "Emperor".

EMPTINESS...(stong pa nyid) (Sk: shunyata)..."When you awaken your heart in this way, you find, to your surprise, that your heart is empty. You find that you are looking into outer space." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 45)..."The essence (ngo-bo) is shunyata, or emptiness, the condition of the nature of the mirror. If one knows that one is the mirror, than everything comes together simultaneously at one single moment (dus gcig la thams-cad 'dus)." (Reynolds: 1996..pg 154)..."In the cinema we experience the form of the sense object but not the emptiness of the sense object." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 88)...."There are three levels of perception: experience, emptiness, luminosity. The perception of emptiness is the absence of things as they are."...(Trungpa: Dharma Art: 1996..pg 86)...."Shunyata, emptiness, nothingness, voidness, space, the absence of duality and conceptualization. The complete absence of filters or concepts of any kind. It is a question of seeing the world in a direct way without desiring 'higher' consciousness or significance or profundity."..(Trungpa: 1973..pg 190-197)
"In his oral commentary on Pointing Out the Dharmakaya, Thrangu Rinpoche makes the following comments on ösel and shunyata in discussing “the dharmata nature of mind”:......While it is empty and while there is nothing there in a sense, nevertheless there is a natural clarity or luminosity, which is traditionally referred to as buddha nature, the spontaneously present qualities, and so on. Here luminosity does not refer to physical light or some kind of physical radiance. In this context, luminosity simply refers to the cognitive capacity or awareness, which is the defining characteristic of a mind. A mind is not any thing, and yet it cognizes; that is what is meant by the unity of luminosity and emptiness. This is something that we experience directly and that we do not have to talk ourselves into through logical analysis.".....http://nalandatranslation.org/offerings/choosing-the-right-word/luminosity-osel/

ENLIGHTENMENT....(sk: bodhi) (Tib: byang-chub)..."Enlightenment is being awake in the nowness. Animals and infant children live in the present; but that is quite different from being awake or enlightened."..(Trungpa: 1973..pg 204)......“Enlightenment is ego's ultimate disappointment.”....Chögyam Trungpa.

EYES... "Synchronizing mind and body...how we connect with the world...two stages, looking and seeing...in terms of visual perception. The point is to look properly. See the colors: white, black, blue, yellow, red, green, purple. Look. This is your world! You can't not look. There is no other world. This is your world; it is your feast. You inherited this, you inherited these eyeballs; you inherited this world of color. Look at the greatness of the whole thing. Look! Don't hesitate-- look! Open your eyes. Don't blink, and look, look--look further! (Trungpa:1984..pg 53).....khra hrig: wide open eyes...chu bur mig: physical eyes...che re bltas: looking directly...lta stang: gaze...spyan: eyes...mig khra hrig ge: piercing eyes...zur mig blta: flirtatious eyes...gzi: onyx stone with eyes...lha yi mig: divine eye..."When we see with our eyes in the state of contemplation what we are really seeing is our own wisdom." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 89)..."Listen while you keep motionless command of your organs of sense. Even the eyelids may not be moved." (Francke: 1950..pg 181)..."In Shinto, the ancestors watch their descendants with their spirit eyes."..(Jinja:1958..pg 24)...."The sun in the Rigveda is known as the eye of Mithra. The sovereign sky has an eye in the long solar ray that penetrates the world cave."..(Campbell: 1968..pg 99)..."Mitra supports earth and sky. Mitra regardeth men with the unwinking eye." (Keith: 1967..pg 226)..."His rays bear up the god who knoweth all, the sun for all to see, the eye of Mitra." (Keith: 1967..pg 63)...."The relationship between daena (the medium of sight) and xratu (a mental sphere). Possession of daena/vision is manifested with the action of an eye enhanced with the energy of xratu, displaying the features of 'rising. Vision derives from the possession of the 'asna xratu', which is itself the faculty of vision of 'Jan', whence the eye is ordered." (Piras: 1996...pg 14)..."The Sun as the All Seeing Eye" Hawkes: 1962..pg 87...Tel Brak Temple in Syria...staring divine eyes..(Gimbutas: 1989 pg 54)...Eye Goddesses (Gimbutas: 1989)..."Radiant divine eye, compound eye and sun symbol" (Gimbutas: 1989 pg 56)....."In the center of the hearts of all beings there is the hollow crystal kati channel, which is a channel of primordial wisdom. If it points down and is closed off, primordial wisdom is obscured, and delusion grows..... In humans that channel points horizontally and is slightly open, so human intelligence is bright and our consciousness is clear. In people who have attained siddhis and in bodhisattvas that channel is open and faces upwards, so there arise unimaginable samādhis, primordial wisdom of knowledge, and vast extrasensory perceptions. These occur due to the open quality of that channel of primordial wisdom. Thus, when the eyes are closed, that channel is closed off and points down, so consciousness is dimmed by the delusion of darkness...In all treatises other than the Tantra of the Sun of the Clear Expanse of the Great Perfection and the Profound Dharma of the Natural Emergence of the Peaceful and Wrathful from Enlightened Awareness, the hollow crystal kati channel is kept secret, and there are no discussions of this special channel of primordial wisdom. This channel is unlike the central channel, the right channel, the left channel, or any of the channels of the five chakras; it is absolutely not the same as any of them.".....http://thedaobums.com/topic/36286-more-about-the-kati-crystal-heart-channel/

FIRE...."the yul lha is asked to forgive any defilement of fire." (Blondeau: 1996...pg 125)..."ritual acts connected with the fire element" (Norbu: 1995..pg 269)..."the winds, produces a vortex of light that whirled vigorously from whose energy heat was emitted and the element fire was formed."..(Norbu: 1995..pg 165)..
"me lha.....Agnideva, the god of fire.....god of fire, gods in general, fire deity associated with the fire offering rites .....Agnideva, the god of fire, me la gnas pa'i lha. one of the phyogs skyong bcu the ten guardians of the directions.".....http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/me_lha

FIVE POWERS..."The nature of the mind is like a mirror with 5 different powers: vastness, detail, unbiased, unconfused, all-accomplishing." (Sogyal: 1992..pg 153)...."the five wisdoms are: openness, precision, all-embracing equality, discernment, and spontaneous accomplishment." (Sogyal: 1992...pg 397)...ye shes lnga - the five wisdoms. {me long, lta bu} mirror [like] wisdom, {mnyam nyid} equality wisdom, {so sor rtog pa} discriminating wisdom, {bya grub} accomplishing wisdom, {chos dbyings} expanse of qualities wisdom, five aspects of pristine awareness; Five Kinds of Pristine Cognition. Five wisdoms. The pristine cognition of the expanse of reality {chos dbyings kyi ye shes} or dharmadhatu jñana. the mirror-like pristine cognition {me long gi ye shes} or adarsha jnana. the pristine cognition of discernment {sor rtog pa'i ye shes} or pratyavekshana jnana. the pristine cognition of sameness {mnyam nyid kyi ye shes} or samata jnana. and the pristine cognition of accomplishment {bya ba'i ye shes} or k.rtyanusthana jnana. five types of fruition awareness, the five wisdoms. 1) {chos dbyings} or {chos kyi dbyings kyi ye shes}. 2) {me long} or {me long lta ba'i ye shes} 3) {mnyam nyid} or {mnyam pa nyid kyi ye shes} 4) {sor rtog} or {so sor rtog pa'i ye shes} 5) {bya grub} or {bya ba grub pa'i ye shes}."......http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Five_Wisdoms

FIVE ELEMENTS..."The invocation of the drala principle allows us to live in harmony with the elemental quality of reality. Rather than trying to overcome the raw elements of existence, one should respect their power and their order as a guide to human conduct." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 129)...."the four animals endowed with claws represent the elements. (Tiger:air...lion:earth...khyung:fire....dragon:water)... The fifth element, space, is represented by the horse at the center of the windhorse flag." (Norbu: 1995..pg 69)....."Primordial awareness is projected and reflected through the five senses...the relationship between the elements, the inner organs, the sense organs and the sense consciousness..."(Wangyal: 1993..pg 126)...."All the elements are based on the space element." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 145)..."klung rta is a protective energy tied to a persons la and cha and is based on the function of the 5 elements. Lung represents the element space and signifies universal foundation." (Norbu: 1995..pg 249)..."in the Kalachakra, 'galactic seeds' that coalesce to form planets, etc. This is a process stimulated by the interplay of the five material elements." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 41)..."The color of one's own rlung-rta is in accordance with the element in one's own horoscope." (Karmay: 1975..pg 210)..."The five elements ('byung ba lnga) Earth, water, fire, air and space. (sa chu me rlung nam mkha') [RY] khams drug ldan pa'i rdo rje'i lus - Vajra body endowed with the six elements. The six outer elements are the five elements and the element of mental objects (chos khams). The six inner elements are flesh, blood, warmth, breath, vacuities and the all-ground consciousness. The six secret elements are the nadis as the stable earth element, the syllable HANG at the crown of the head as the liquid water element, the A-stroke at the navel center as the warm fire element, the life-prana (srog gi rlung) as the moving wind element, the avadhuti as the void space element, and the all-ground wisdom as the cognizant wisdom element. This last category is the uncommon explanation."....http://rywiki.tsadra.org/index.php/Five_Elements

FRACTALS...."the spaces develop spontanteously like fractals"..(Reynolds: 1996..pg 158)...Check out the Mandelbrot Set...."the concept of the Alayavijyana (Storehouse Consciousness) as we see in the Awakening of Faith. In that storehouse is laid down the seeds of karma and we can see that these seeds are probably working at the Wild Being level. The Seeds are intensities laid down within the emptiness itself which later sprout forms. Here again the Mandelbrot set gives us an interesting model. The points in the Imaginary plane do not move, but it is only their self iteration that allows us to measure their escape velocity toward infinity along their recursive line of flight. But when we look across the various points that are near each other we see the pattern that they make together which is fractal, and changing at each level of zooming in, and this zooming in goes on forever. The patterning never ends is ever changing now matter how deeply you go.".....https://www.quora.com/Whats-the-difference-between-Dzogchen-and-Mahayana-Buddhism

GALACTIC SEEDS..."According to the Kalachakra, scattered particles of matter remaining in space after a previous world system has been destroyed are the 'galactic seeds' that coalesce to form new planets, stars, and so forth." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 41)... "generative seeds come from other world systems, according to others, the seeds are contained in the primordial matter."..(Kongtrul: 1995..pg 42)..."In the Kabala, one of the main doctrines involves the sinking of luminous particles into matter (quellipot..shells)"..Encyclopedia Britannica...."Winds come carrying seeds from other world systems. The environment is created from five types of seeds (many scattered, indivisible, subtle particles). Mentioned the text: "Seventy Particles". (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 175)....The Treasury of Knowledge: Book One: Myriad Worlds....by Jamgon Kongtrul Lodro Taye

GAZE..."you will be unable to look at the visions...instead your gaze will be drawn downward."..(Sogyal:1992..pg 279)...In both the Bön and Buddhist Dzogchen traditions, sky gazing (Wylie: nam mkha' ar gtad, THDL: namkha arté) is considered to be an important part of tregchöd....."...there is the Dzogchen gaze. The method of Dzogchen gazing disorientates the conceptual mind.....Learning to focus in space is crucial to sKu-mNyé, so it’s very important to practise the gaze first. You have to do that in order to keep your eyes from seeking forms upon which they tend to settle....You would then fix your gaze. You would achieve that by keeping your eyes from moving."...http://www.aroencyclopaedia.org/shared/text/s/skumnye_ar_eng.php

GREAT EASTERN SUN (Shar chen nyi ma)..."Great Eastern Sun vision is based on appreciating ourselves and appreciating our world, so it is a very gentle approach. The world around us is regarded as very sacred." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 56).....Primordial, constantly rising, never ending brilliance. A greater luminosity which is always there. (Trungpa:1984...pg 127)...."ancient Altaic and Turkic traditions worshipped the rising sun and the east was considered the most sacred direction. The universe was rectangular with the door of the Kaghan's (warrior chieftan) tent always faced east. The universe was considered divided into Heaven, Earth, and Underworld with deities representing each." (Litvinsky: 1992..Pg 429)....Kunzhi is the sky in which the sun (rigpa) shines clear and free of clouds (thoughts). (Wangyal: 1993..pg 111)..."When we say sun here, we mean the sun of human dignity, the sun of human power." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 54)...."the sun of the intrinsic nature (t:cho nyi) begins to rise in all its splendor. The natural radiance of Rigpa manifests spontaneously and blazes out as energy and light." (Sogyal: 1992..pg 275)..."you will be unable to look at the deities, which are as 'bright as the sun'."..(Sogyal: 1992..pg 279)..."At the beginning, Great Eastern Sun vision is very black and white. When the sun shines it is white. When the sun doesn't shine, it is black."...(Trungpa: 1996..pg 14)...."An important image in the Shambhala tradition, representing indestructible wakefulness. Being spontaneously present, it radiates peace and confidence. Being brilliant, it illuminates the way of discipline. Since it shines over all, heaven, earth and man find their proper place.' (Nalanda: 1980...pg 349)..."The ancient Persian conception of sun (hvar) was that of a ruling power. There are 108 names for the sun in the Mahabharata, including 'Mithra'."(Humbach: 1978..pg 236)..."In the Mihr Yast and elsewhere in the Avesta, the sun is called 'swift-hearted' which describes the sun as the 'life-giving father of rays', the first principle (archos) of horses breathing out fire." (Campbell: 1968..pg 191)..."His rays bear up the god who knoweth all, the sun for all to see, the eye of Mitra." (Keith: 1967..pg 63)..."MITHRA is called Sol invictus or the Invincible Sun in the Roman Mysteries." (Dhalla: 1963..pg 302)...Emperor Julian's Hymn to King Helios in which he conceived of the sun in three ways: transcendental and indistinguishable from the Good, as Helios-Mithra, and thirdly as the visible sun." (Hawkes: 1962 pg 254)...Plato idealized Sun worship (Hawkes: 1962..pg 199)...Palmyra was the seat of ancient Syrian sun worship.(Hawkes: 1962)

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Email....okarresearch@gmail.com

September 2012...Updated January 2016

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Terms Updated: HEART to MU CORD

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Click Here to View the Main Index

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HEART...."Discovering drala is indeed to establish ties to your world, so that each perception becomes unique. It is to see with the heart, so that what is invisible to the eye becomes visible as the living magic of reality." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 105)..."The Orthodox Christian Prayer of the Heart seems to be the ground for Eastern and Western philosophy to join together. It is not a question of dogma, but it is a question of heart, that is where the common ground lies." (Trungpa: Heart of the Buddha..pg 215)..."Inner luminosity originates in the heart and passes through two channels that connect the empty space of the heart with the external empty space of the sky through the eyes." (Wangyal:1993..pg 119)..."The clear light has abided in the heart of the individual from the very beginning. The heart (tsit ta) may be compared to a magic lantern, an early type of cinema projector." (Reynolds:1996..pg 151)....srog: life force, heart, soul...yang zhun snying thig: refined heart essence...zhe: heart, mind...tsit ta: heart, mind...thugs ka: heart center...kun spyod mtshungs mo: sweetheart...."The white pure light of the space element gives rise to the mind and the heart channels. The life process begins from the heart." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 145)..."Basic Goodness is very closely connected to the idea of bodhicitta (awakened heart) in the Buddhist tradition. Awakened heart comes from being willing to face your state of mind...to connect with your heart, fully and totally." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 44)..."In the center of the precious palace of the spiritual heart there are five mystic juices. In their center is the 'Bon essence' a mass of light." (Hoffman: 1975..pg 111)....."In Shinto, the expressions: 'akaki kokoro: heart shining brightly like the sun'...'kiyoki kokoro: pure heart clear as a white jewell'...'"naoki kokoro: heart lovely and without wrong inclinations'...(Jinja: 1958..pg 31)....."Gurdjieff also found from the Sufi mastes that knowledge of the wheel of time could be understood through many modalities of perception. Meditation on mandalas opens the eyes of the heart. If done correctly, the wheel of time will begin to spin."..(Kharatidi: 1996..pg 218)...

HIDDEN LANDS...Tib:shas-yul...Beyul (Tibetan: སྦས་ཡུལ, Wylie: sbas-yul) are hidden valleys.....Tertöns may reveal them from terma at specific and appropriate times. Their locations were kept on scrolls (lamyig or neyig) hidden under rocks and inside caves, monasteries and stupas.....deities are assigned to protect the beyul. Protective forces manifest as snowstorms, mists and snow leopards. Buddhist texts indicate beyul are discovered when the planet is approaching destruction and the world becomes too corrupt for spiritual practice. They describe valleys reminiscent of paradise, which can only be reached with enormous hardship. Pilgrims who travel to these wild and distant places often recount extraordinary experiences similar to those encountered by Buddhist spiritual practitioners on the path to Liberation. People who try to force their way in, may encounter failure and death. Beyul retreat time has concentrated benefits. The places originate from a faith which has traditional natural site respect. Life in beyul is sacred and protected.....Earthly beyuls share significant characteristics with Shambhala, which is the greatest hidden valley."... Dmitrieva, Victoria (1997). "Be-yuls: Shambhala on Earth". The Legend of Shambhala in Eastern and Western Interpretations ....."Tagzig Olmo Lung Ring of the Bon tradition is understood to be a timeless perfected realm where peace and joy are the very fabric of being. The Beyul realm of Tagzig Olmo Lung Ring is fabled to be located to the west of Mount Kailash."

HIGHER HUMAN REALM..."people who experience the five colors blended together are reborn in a pure human dimension" (Wangyal: 1993..pg 198)...."The human realm includes the lower human realm of the setting sun and the higher human realm of enlightened society."....CTR

HISSING SOUND....."Next make a long hissing sound." (From Meyer: The Mithras Liturgy: 1967..pg 9).....Humble Hiss (CTR)

INK..."At Persepolis, from the time of Xerxes, we have found almost a hundred mortars and pestles in green chert, many with Aramic inscriptions in black ink. Mithra is present in some of the names. Was haoma (soma) pressed in the mortars?" (Neuser: 1968..pg 587)..."This practice of the stroke of Ashe is outwardly very simple: standing or kneeling in front of white calligraphy paper, with a bowl of black ink and a calligraphy brush, you make one stroke down on the paper. But the, primordial stroke is not merely a stroke of calligraphy. It is a message from awake mind of how to rend the veil that normally prevents direct experience of the sacredness of our world. The practice of Ashe takes us directly and immediately to mind beyond concept, while at the same time it is expressed in a thoroughly direct and physical way. Thus, by practicing the stroke we began to feel the reality of the Shambhala teachings at a profound level of mind and body; we saw the real possibility of fully joining mind and body, heaven and earth. We began to discover, for ourselves, that spiritual energy is not fundamentally different from physical energy. And we began to see how this might lead o being able to manifest this enlightened energy on this earth.".....From Jeremy Hayward's book, 'Warrior - King of shambhala - Remembering Chogyam Trungpa. - Wisdom Publications, 2008.....http://www.beezone.com/ashe/ashe.html

JUNIPER..."Shug pa...the juniper is specified as lha shing, a tree for the lha divinities (often called the lha shing shug pa g.yu lo...'tree of the gods', turquoise leaved juniper) is an antidote against demonic poison and pollution." (Blondeau: 1996..pg 103)...."They possessed a small drum made of juniper, on which they could fly through the air." (Tucci: 1980..pg 228)....(rgya shug:juniper tree)(shugs pa:juniper)..."The juniper tree is the Bon po sacred tree. It is often called the 'lha shing pa gyu lo' (tree of the gods)." (Bansal: 1994..pg 81)..."The priests owned a drum made from Juniper wood on which they could travel through the air like their Siberian counterparts." (Hoffman: 1975..pg 109)..."Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche poem Looking into The World...
Looking into the world
I see a lone chrysanthemum,
Lonely loneliness,
And death approaches.
Abandoned by guru and friend,
I stand like the lonely juniper
Which grows among the rocks,
Hardened and tough.
Loneliness is my habit.
http://la.shambhala.org/program-details/?id=182931

KALPA...."According to ancient Indian philosophical theories, a kalpa is an extremely long period of time, amounting to over 4 billion years." (Norbu: 1995..pg 245)...Kalpa (Sanskrit: कल्प kalpa) is a Sanskrit word meaning an aeon, or a relatively long period of time (by human calculation) in Hindu and Buddhist cosmology. The concept is first mentioned in the Mahabharata. Generally speaking, a kalpa is the period of time between the creation and recreation of a world or universe. The definition of a kalpa equaling 4.32 billion years is found in the Puranas—specifically Vishnu Purana and Bhagavata Purana."..... Cremo, M.A., 1999. Puranic time and the archaeological record.

KHATVANGAS....magic wands...."A khaṭvāṅga (Sanskrit: खट्वाङ्ग) is a long, studded club originally created as a weapon. It was adopted as a religious symbol in Indian religions such as Shaivism and Vajrayana Buddhism. The khatvāṅga was adopted by some lineages of historical tantra though it preceded such traditions.....In Hinduism, Shiva carried the khatvāṅga as a staff weapon....... the symbolism of the khatvāṅga in Vajrayana, particularly the Nyingma school founded by Padmasambhava, was a direct borrowing from the Shaiva Kapalikas, who frequented places of austerity such as charnel grounds and crossroads as a form of "left-handed path" (vamachara) sādhanā."... Beer, Robert (2003). The handbook of Tibetan Buddhist symbols.

KI KI SO SO....Kye Kye So So....lha gyello lha gyello (the Gods are victorious)....."Stein links this invocation with the warcries..the warlike nature of the gods and the idea of passing through a dangerous and strategic place."... “Ki ki so so” is an ancient Tibetan prayer whispered as one crosses a mountain pass....the Ki is a very high pitched sound similar to the cry of an eagle...seed syllable of the sky....the So is very low pitch, seed syllable of the earth."......"Ki ki so so lha gyal lo" is the prayer a Tibetan will recite at the summit of a mountain pass. It can be translated as "victory to the gods"The Tibetans believe that it is at these high mountain passes that the good gods fight with the evil gods and that the lung-tar (coloured paper printed with prayers) and prayer are an offering to the good gods. Offering these prayers at mountain passes is especially auspicious because it is believed that the high winds will be of benefit in carrying the prayers.".....http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/Asia/China/Central/Sichuan/Chola_pass/photo1114535.htm

KVARENAH (Xwarenah)(khvarenah)(Avestic: xvarnah)(Parsi: farrah)(khurrah) ..."Glory" (Median: farnah) (Khotanese:pharra)..."In the Avesta, the xwarenah is called 'kawyan', that is belonging to the Kawis. The Kawis were a partially legendary dynasty of eastern Iranian rulers. Xwarenah can be a creative power used by the gods or it can be a religious power. But generally it embodies the concept of good fortune. As a kind of fiery radiance it would relate to the word for sun (xwar) (Old Iranian: Suvar) (hwar: to shine)(xwar: to grasp)." (Malandra: 1983...pg 88)....sacred light surrounding the Fravashi warriors. Manifestation of glory, splendor (Tib: byin). Spiritual radiance.."In front of Mithra flies the blazing fire which is the strong Kavyan Fortune (xvareno)." (Gershevitch: 1959)..."Found in the Avesta, Yast 19, Khvarenah persisted into the Sasanian period where in Middle Persian it is "farrah'. Khotanese Buddhist used the term in the form of 'pharra' to denote good fortune. Sogdian Buddist groups used the form 'prn'. (Scott: 1990...pg 48)..."In the Avesta both the lesser Ahuras are actively associated with 'khvarenah', divine grace or fortune (hvar: sun, glow). The median form of the word was 'farnah'. The Zoroastrian pantheon also knows khvarenah as a yazata." (Boyce: 1982...pg 17)..."Mithra has the xwarrah. The association of xwarrah with fire and radiant light. Yast XIX." (Gershevitch: 1959)...."Celestial fortune and power, special glory and light."..(Nasr: 1964...pg 152)...

LA...." the word La is similar in meaning to the word 'soul'. All human beings possess a la, consciousness (sem) and life (sok). The la is an entity which is part of one's being but is unintelligent. Therefore it can be stolen, confiscated, regained, as well as reinforced by spiritual power." (Trungpa: 1978..pg 227)...."represents the psycho-energetic function of the individual in relation to the energies of the world. The link between the inner and outer energy." (Norbu: 1995..pg 60)..."the notion of ancestral souls (bla)"..(Blondeau: 1996..pg 123)...."In the Saka of the Altai, there was a belief not only that the body contained a life element (the soul) but also that its parts, including the hair and nails, had their distinct, partial souls. The hair and nails continue to grow after death. It was sufficient to possess the hair or nails of a person in order to gain control over his soul and influence his life." (Rudenko: 1970..pg 287)..."In the Kalachakra tradition, the soul (bla-gnas) resides at the bottom of the left foot (men), or right foot (women) at the new moon. Then it rises higher each day, residing at the top of the head on the full moon. Then returns." (Stein: 1972..pg 226)...

Lha and La......."Some confusion exists between two Tibetan words, sometimes used interchangeably: lha and la. The first, lha, is the Tibetan word used to translate the Sanskrit deva, meaning “deity,” “god,” or “divine.” This is also the term used in the Shambhalian sense of natural hierarchy: lha, nyen, and lu. (If we were to be more daring in writing this word like it is actually pronounced, we might spell it hla!).....The word la (bla) literally means that which is “higher” or “above,” as in the word lama, the Tibetan translation of the Sanskrit guru (which literally means “heavy,” —heavy with good qualities, as the tradition explains). Lama Ugyen once explained lama as “one who looks down from above (la) with the love that a mother (ma) has for her children.” La is also a Pön term, meaning “soul,” “life force.”......An example of the confusion between these words comes in the alternate spellings of the term drala or dralha. Both are found in texts, and they are usually referring to the same principle or type of deity. The Dorje Dradül much preferred the former spelling, explaining that the word means “above” or “beyond” the “enemy” or “aggression.” We used to translate this as “war gods,” which might be seen to favor the other reading, but it was actually just an attempt to characterize this deity type."....http://nalandatranslation.org/offerings/choosing-the-right-word/lha-or-is-it-la/

LOVE..."The warrior is more and more in love with the world. That combination of love affair and loneliness is what enables the warrior to constantly reach out and to help others." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 69)...."In Shinto, if man regards his own life as sacred, he must give infinite thanks to his ancestors who handed down this sacred thing. One must treat this inheritance carefully and hand it on, to bring up the coming generation with a love even surpassing that of his forebears. All human beings are loved and protected by their ancestors and by the gods; each is given a sacred mission to perform and must hand on his precious life and abilities to his offspring." (Jinja:1958..pg 9,17)...."So-called 'love' relationships usually take one of two patterns. Either we are being fed by someone or we are feeding others. These are false, distorted kinds of love. A third kind of love is : Just be what you are. This is a balanced way of openness and communication which allows tremendous space in which to dance and exchange."..(Trungpa: 1973..pg 212)...

LIGHT...('od)...."Rigpa is compared to the sun in the sky and ye-shes is compared to the rays of the sun which stream forth." (Reynolds:1996..pg 122)..."It is like a sunbeam meeting the sun, like light (ye-shes) merging into light ('od gsal). It is only by first looking at one's reflection in the mirror that one discovers the mirror." (Reynolds: 1996..pg 152)..."The worship of light can be confirmed throughout the Indo-Iranian sphere, from Vedic to late Buddhist times." (Eliade)..."It is the luminous mind who is the creator of the world, the world being nothing but its own illusory projection, the Primordial Basis existing in the form of variegated light." (Karmay: 1988..pg 203)..."When I saw these visions, they were not something appearing externally: they were the manifestations of my own mind in the form of light." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 12)..."In the Bon cosmology, the absolute realm may be symbolized as pure light, which is neither black nor white, but transparent." (Paul: 1982..pg 55)..."Sems then is not only mental energy, but also light, and light too is the breath (rlung) on which it rides, for the breath is made of five shining rays of light ('od zer)" (Tucci: 1980..pg 64)..."In the borderland between Ye (light) and Ngam (darkness) the Werma with magic power built a fortress: it had its entrance facing East." (Mipham text in Norbu: 1995..pg 59)...."At death, the adept achieves the light body or rainbow body." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 145)..."When we see the rainbow lights, deities, mandalas, thigles and colors, we will not follow after them but recognize them as mental projections...(Wangyal: 1993..pg 197)..."inner light (aloka, snang ba) increase of the inner light (alokabhasa, mched pa), and inner light approaching fullness (upalabdha, nyer thob)."..(Kongtrul: 1995..pg 276)..."In the Kabala, one of the basic doctrines involves the withdrawal (tzimtzum) of the divine light, therebye creating primordial space"...(Encyclopedia Britannica)..."Od'iana: Land of Light"...Oḍḍiyāna (Skt. Oḍḍiyāna; Tibetan: ཨུ་རྒྱན་, Wylie: u rgyan, Odia: ଓଡ଼ିଆଣ), a small country in early medieval northwest India, is ascribed importance in the development and dissemination of Vajrayana Buddhism.....In later Tibetan traditions, Oḍḍiyāna is either conflated or identified with Shambhala, a land inhabited by dakinis and inaccessible to or by ordinary mortals - a beyul "hidden land"......"Uḍḍiyāna is also spelt as Oḍrayāna while in the Kālikā Purāṇa".....

MENOK...primal matter. the ras. the wheel of heaven. the embodiment of time-space. In Zurvanism, not only a concept but also an actual weapon to be used by Ohrmazd....The pahlavi words for 'spiritual' and 'material' are, in this context, menok and geteh, and they derive from the Avestan words mainyu and gaethya..... in accordance with Aristotelian principles. Because the menok or spiritual side of man which included mind, will, and consciousness, was regarded as being immaterial, the word was re-defined as meaning a single, uncompounded substance without parts, invisible and intangible; and because Aristotle's 'matter' was also invisible and intangible, 'matter' in its primary unformed state was also described as menok. Thus there are three forms of menok existence, the two menoks or 'spirit' of orthodox theology, neither of which is the material cause of the material and physical world, and a third menok, which is the totally unformed primal matter of Aristotelian philosophy, the unseen source of all material things.".....http://www.farvardyn.com/zurvan1.php

MIND..."I am afraid there is really no such thing as the one mind."...(Trungpa: 1973..pg 202)...."sem is referred to as 'mind' and Rigpa is referred to as the 'nature of mind'.'..(Sogyal: 1992..pg 394)...Page 392....The Collected Works of Chogyam Trungpa: Volume Six: Glimpses of Space ...

MIRROR..."The quality of the cosmic mirror is that it is unconditioned, vast open space....free from any bias...willing to reflect anything." (Trungpa: 1984, pps 100, 174)...." In whatever he does, the master warrior guides the minds of his students into the visionary mind of the Rigden Kings, the space of the cosmic mirror." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 179)...."In the realm of the cosmic mirror, clinging to concept or doubt has never been heard of." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 179)....me long: mirror, looking glass....shel: mirror, crystal, crystaline....pra se na: oracular mirror....pra: mirror divination...kun gsal: sky, sun, mirror,that which is fully clear...kun mthong: mirror...."In Dzogchen, Rigpa is the mirror of awareness held up to things so that everywhere, under all circumstances, in each event that occurs, there exists this self-recognition. This is like the net of Indra made of chains of linked mirrors, where every mirror reflects every other mirror." (Reynolds: 1996..pg 152)...."A slightly flawed cosmic mirror allows the universe to exist: The existence of the universe comes from a flaw in a symmetry exhibited by a 'universal mirror' called the CP mirror, [and then lost me in a discussion of matter and anti-matter]." (Article in Scientific American: Feb 1988)..."The son (Bu) is the unobscured, self-clear essence of the empty nature of the non-grasping mind. If we know this mind, this mirror of awareness, all nirvanic qualities reflect or manifest in it. It is called the mirror-like wisdom." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 125)...The nature of the mind is like a mirror with 5 different powers: vastness, detail, unbiased, unconfused, all-accomplishing. (Sogyal: 1992..pg 153)....

MAGIC...."Nowness, or the magic of the present moment, is what joins the wisdom of the past with the present." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 96)...."When we draw down the power and depth of vastness into a single perception, then we are discovering and invoking magic." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 103)..."When you discover magic, you simply find yourself in the realm of utter reality, complete and thorough reality." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 106)...." to invoke the power of drala, or elemental magic" (Trungpa: 1984..pg 135)..."This world is a magical place because it can BE so vividly, so brilliantly." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 132)..."then magic, or drala, can descend onto our existence." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 132)..."You cannot own the power and the magic of this world. It is always available, but it does not belong to anyone. The only way to contact that energy is to experience a gentle state of being in yourself." (Trungpa: 1984...pg 107)....."It is not true that there is no magic these days, that we are in the dark ages. The only magic that exists is in this life, the particular phenomenon we are experiencing right now."...(Trungpa: 1996...pg 96)...

MARRIAGE..."Jamgon Kongtrul the Great wrote a marriage ritual with the traditional Bon ceremony with the arrows, incorporating Buddhist divinities and some pieces of Indian mythology."..(Karmay: 1975..pg 207)..."During the marriage ceremony, the mu cord is attached to the ceniput of the groom. He holds an arrow and makes offerings. The priest presents the bride with turquoise (la-gyu...soul turquoise) and the groom with a piece of gold (la-gser...soul gold)."..(Karmay: 1975...pg 210)...

MU CORD...(dMu dag...rMu thag)..."sky rope (dMu thag). the early kings descended by means of the Mu cord." (Hoffman: 1975..pg 96)..."the Phrul shamans were God-possessed and had the function of planting the rope which linked earth with heaven." (Hoffman: 1975)..."ascended to the sky by means of the Mu cord." (Norbu: 1995..pg 75)..."in her hands she holds the Mu cord of the Phug Lha" (Norbu: 1995..pg 74)..."a wool cord is extended in the four directions. This acts as a conductor for SE when he descends from heaven." (Trungpa: 1978..pg 227)..."Each King ruled until his first son was old enough to ride a horse, at which point the king returned to heaven via the rope." (Lopez: 1997..pg 4)..."the sky rope (namtak: gnam thag) (mutak: dmu thag) connected the kings to the heavens." (Kohn: 1997)...

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September 2012...Updated December 2015

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Terms Updated: NATURAL HIERARCHY to RIGPA

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NATURAL HIERARCHY...(Lha, Nyen and Lu Principles)...(Sacred order, sacred source)..Lha is the highest point, the point that catches the light of the rising sun first and reflects the Great Eastern Sun first." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 135)..."Lha, nyen, and lu describe the protocol and the decorum of the earth itself, and show how humans can weave themselves into that texture of basic reality." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 134)...."In Shinto, there is a word naka-ima (literally, middle-now). The word naka (middle, center, inside) not only denotes a relation of place, but also spatially the best place and temporally the best time. These words express to perfection the Shinto idea of regarding this world as a world full of blessings."..(Jinja: 1958...pg 23)...

"NATURAL STATE.....Even though one's original nature, as light and space, is like the clear open sky, it becomes obscured and clouded over by an ignorance that grasps at the reality (bdag 'dzin) these clouds represent one's delusions or Samsaric visions. Becoming liberated from these clouds, one's own real nature as awareness or Rigpa comes into visible manifestation, just as when the clouds in the sky dissipate, the sun becomes clearly visible. Therby one's view and con's conduct and activity in the world become inseparably linked. One acts spontaneously in terms of the Natural State, without any deliberation or artifice. The Primordial State, the Nature of Mind, being Shunyata andbeing without any source or ground (gzhi-med-rtsa-bral) in the causal processes of Samsara, totally transcends the intellect (blo 'das chenpo). Yet at the same time it may be directly discovered within one's own immediate experience in this present life by way of the practice of contemplation, a state that goes beyond the mind." .......John Myrdhin Reynolds....'The Oral Traditions From Zhang-Zhung'....Page 240 (The Guru Yoga for Tapihritsa, the most important master in the transmission of the lineage of the Zhang-zhung Nyan-gyad).

NON-AGGRESSION...."The key to life and to perception altogether is non-aggression. It is how to perceive reality at its best. Out of that comes the notion of dignity."...(Trungpa: 1984..pg 101)....."According to the Buddhist vajrayana tradition, if your mind is preoccupied with aggression, you cannot function properly."..(Trungpa: 1996..pg 15)...

PARALLEL UNIVERSE..."In Shinto, it is believed that the world of the noble ancestors is connected spiritually to this world. Theirs is a second world, an unseen world in contrast to this visible world. They live, so to speak, in a second 'this world'."...(Jinja: 1958...pg 24)...."In the I Ching, every event in the visible world is the effect of an 'image', that is, an idea in the unseen world. Everything that happens on the Earth is only a reproduction of an event in a world beyond our sense perception. As regards its occurrence in time, it is later than the suprasensible event."...(Wilhelm: I Ching..pg lvii)...."A black hole will go to zero mass then disappear. These particles will go to another baby universe. Baby universes occur in imaginary time, not real time." (Hawkens: Brief History of Time)

PASSION...."Straightforward, pure passion--without ice, without water, without soda--is good! It is drinkable; it is also food; you can live on it!"..(Trungpa: 1996..pg 15)...."If your mind is preoccupied with passion, there are possibilities. Artistic talent is somewhat related to the level of passion, or heightened interest in the intriguing possibilities of things."...(Trungpa: 1996..pg 15)...

PRECIOUS SUBSTANCES...Six essential ingredients: saffrom seeds, sandalwood powder, camphor, powder of teak, copper dust, powdered cloves...."the 'first offerings' (phud) of the three 'white substances' (dkar gsum) milk, yogurt, and butter.(Norbu: 1995..pg 56)..."five perfumes: sandalwood, musk, jasmine, saffron, and camphor"...

PRESENCE...."Presence in energy, presence in power, presence in joy, presence in clarity, presence in the inseparability of clarity and emptiness in the natural state of mind." (Wangyal: 1993...pg 88)... "Because you achieve some merit or virtue, therefore that virtue begins to be reflected in your being, your presence." "If a person is modest and decent and exertive, then he will begin to manifest some sense of good and wholesome being to those around him." (pg 159, 160-61)...From "SHAMBHALA: THE SACRED PATH OF THE WARRIOR" by Chogyam Trungpa, (c) 1984.

PRIMORDIAL PURITY..."the master warrior has relaxed completely into the unconditional purity of the cosmic mirror." (Trungpa:1984, pg 177)....ka dag: primordial purity, original purity, the basic nature of sentient beings which is originally untainted by defilement and beyond confusion and liberation...ka dag klong yangs: the vast space of primordial purity"..."The Dzogchen texts postulate a primordial purity (kadag, dodme shi, etc) on the basis of which both Enlightenment and the deluded appearance of samsara have arisen." (Samuel: 1993..pg 464)...."According to Dzogchen, the essence (ngo bo) of the base of everything (kunzhi) is empty (ston pa nyid) and primordially pure (ka dag)." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 41)..."MA, the mother (kunzhi) has the quality of primordial purity because she is not tainted by any obscurations or by the dualism of samsara and nirvana, virtue or non-virtue, passions and blessings, thought and wisdom, happiness and suffering, inner and outer, subject and object, cause and effect, or any bias toward good or bad." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 120)...."The basis of Great Eastern Sun vision is realizing that the world is clean and pure to begin with in its natural, original state." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 58)..."this display of 'sound, light' and color is inherently present within the expanse of 'primordial purity' which is the ground."..(Sogyal: 1992..pg 275)..."The Buddha informed Sariputra that the universe is always pure, but in order to effect the spiritual maturity of beings, it appears to be flawed."(Kongtrul: 1995..pg 48)...."The fruition of the warrior's path is the experience of primordial goodness, or the complete, unconditioned nature of basic goodness."..(Trungpa: 1984..pg 58)...

PURIFICATION...."Chapter in Nelson: 1996: 'Being dirty, getting clean, and the ritual of great purification."....Harae or harai (祓 or 祓い) is the general term for rituals of purification in Shinto. Harae is one of four essential elements involved in a Shinto ceremony. The purpose is the purification of pollution or sins (tsumi) and uncleanness (kegare). These concepts include bad luck and disease as well as guilt in the English sense.....Harae is often described as purification, but it is also known as an exorcism to be done before worship. Harae often involves symbolic washing with water, or having a Shinto priest shake a large paper shaker called ōnusa or haraigashi over the object of purification. People, places, and objects can all be the object of harae."...Norbeck, E. (1952). Pollution and taboo in contemporary Japan. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology,

RAINBOW BODY...T: jalu..."In Dzogchen, rainbow body (Tibetan: འཇའ་ལུས་, Wylie: 'ja' lus, Jalü or Jalus) is a level of realization....The rainbow body phenomenon is a third person perspective of someone else attaining complete knowledge (Tibetan: རིག་པ, Wylie: rigpa). ...In Dzogchen, a fundamental point of practice is to distinguish rigpa from sems (mind).....The ultimate fruition of the thodgal practices is a body of pure light, called a rainbow body (Wylie 'ja' lus, pronounced jalü.)... If the four visions of thogal are not completed before death, then during death, from the point of view of an external observer, the dying person starts to shrink until he or she disappears. Usually fingernails, toenails and hair are left behind...The attainment of the rainbow body is typically accompanied by the appearance of lights and rainbows....Shardza Tashi Gyaltsen (1859 - 1933) was a great Dzogchen master of the Bon tradition of Tibet who took not only Bon disciples, but gathered students from all traditions of Tibetan Buddhism.....According to tradition, Shardza Tashi Gyeltsen famously realized the rainbow body."...Lopön Tenzin Namdak and Dixey, Richard (2002). Heart Drops of Dharmakaya: Dzogchen Practice of the Bön Tradition. Snow Lion Publications

REALITY..."Words don't mean very much. Reality means a lot." (Trungpa)...."the sphere of reality (dharmadhatu) never changes, never becomes anything other than itself. It always remains empty of true existence." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 49)..."When you click into the iconography of the cosmos, you are able to experience a sense of reality that is not dependant on reinforcement. The experience is not unconditional."..(Trungpa: 1996..pg 95)...."Reality seems to be the basic space in which we operate in our ordinary, everyday life."...(Trungpa: 1996..pg 52)..."Since there is no one to perceive a mind or reality, the notion of existence in terms of 'things' and 'form' is delusory; there is no reality, no perceiver of reality, and no thoughts derived from perceptions of reality."..(Trungpa: 1973..pg 196)....."In general, all followers of the Great Vehicle assert that completely false truth is fabricated and superimposed onto genuine reality, while actual genuine truth is not fabricated and involves no superimposition." (Kongtrul: 1997..pg 47)

RENUNCIATION...."In the ordinary sense, renunciation is often connected with asceticism...you give up the sense pleasures of the world and embrace an austere spiritual life in order to understand the higher meaning of existence. In the Shambhala context, renunciation is quite different. What the warrior renounces is anything in his experience that is a barrier between himself and others. Renunciation is making yourself more available, more gentle and open to others. You renounce your privacy." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 66)......"Pon, unlike the religious outgrowths of the Aryan culture, especially Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism in their quasi-popular forms, gives little heed to the pursuit of salvation through the practice of austerities." (Trungpa: 1978)....."In Dzogchen there is nothing to renounce, we must integrate with the negative as well as the positive." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 97)..."The basic idea of asceticism, leading a life according to the dharma, is to be fundamentally sane."..(Trungpa: 1973..pg 47)....."The great poet-yogin Milarepa was a classic example of the yogi-renunciate tradition. But his asceticism was simply an expression of his character. He wanted to be simple and he led a very simple life."..(Trungpa: 1973..pg 240)....

RICHNESS...Tib: yun (dbyun)..."The real meaning of wealth is knowing how to create a goldlike situation in your life. You may not have any money but you still manifest richness in your world. Appreciating wealth and richness come from being a basically decent human being." (Trungpa: 1984..p 143-144)....."Nor lha: the deity of wealth...dwells on a lotus; he accumulates jewels." (Nebesky:1956..p 332)....Vaisravana (rNam thos sras): the God of Wealth....."Chuglha: the god of wealth wears a golden per over golden armor. Carries a multicolored victory banner in his right hand. He vomits gems." (Trungpa: 1978...pg 224)...."The Zijid explains that when someone is afflicted by poverty it is necessary to increase the cha and the yang." Rituals are described to summon the cha and yang present in the universe. (Norbu: 1995..pg 72)...."Namse (Rnam-thos-sras) a manifestation of Kuvera, the God of Wealth." (Paul: 1982..pg 111)...."In many Tibetan houses, a white dgra lha mask is always hung to insure good luck and prosperity for the family. A thangka showing the nine dgra lha is also hung." (Nebesky: 1956..pg 335)..."the term gYang can be rendered by prosperity, fortune." (Norbu: 1995..pg 247)..."the ritual of yang-gugs (the summoning of the essence of fortune) is considered to be very important." (Karmay: 1975..pg 209)...

RIGPA...."In different traditions, Rigpa is called God, Self, Shiva, Brahman, Vishnu, Hidden Essence, or Buddha Nature"..(Sogyal: 1992..pg 47)...'The first thing is Dzogchen vision which sees what really is -- the nature of mind itself. This is the natural state of being, where the mind makes no distinctions and judgments. This state of awareness is called rigpa. Rigpa is naked awareness of the wholistic here and now. We cannot actually express this awareness and there is nothing to compare it to in order to describe it."...http://keithdowman.net/dzogchen/garuda.htm...

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September 2012...Updated December 2015

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Terms Updated:Sacred Outlook to Ziji

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SACRED OUTLOOK...(dag nang: pure perception) (taknang, dag.snang)..."In my sixteenth year I looked from East to East and experienced sacred outlook." (Nalanda: 1980...pg 56)...

SACRIFICES/OFFERINGS...."Releasing the seed of beings, go alive to the place of the gods." (Keith: 1967..pg 226)....."He who sacrifices beyond his own diety loses his own deity, and does not obtain another. The prosperous are three: the learned Brahman, the headman, and the warrior." (Keith: 1967..pg 193)..."Alexander the Great had performed the divine sacrifices (those prescribed for good fortune and others suggested by the priests)...."....."The word "Karbanot" is usually translated as "sacrifices" or "offerings"; however, both of these terms suggest a loss of something or a giving up of something, and although that is certainly a part of the ritual, that is not at all the literal meaning of the Hebrew word. The word Karbanot comes from the root Qof-Resh-Bet, which means "to draw near," and indicates the primary purpose of offerings: to draw us near to G-d."...https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org....Buddhism developed as a non sacrificial religion, refusing especially "bloody": sacrifices (that was the case also of Taoism during the Han dynasty at the same time Buddhism was entering China.) Still, "offerings" developed in various contexts......www.researchgate.net

SETTING SUN.."The analogy for setting sun hierarchy is a lid that flattens you and keeps you in your place."...(Trungpa: 1984..pg 58)........"based on fear of oneself and fear of death. Has no connection to drala principle."(Trungpa: 1984 pg 108)...Untergang, literally "down-going" but used in German to mean "setting" (as of the sun), which Nietzsche pairs with its opposite Übergang (going over or across).

SECULAR...Latin: saecularis: not belonging to a religious order...."In 1975, the Venerable Chogyam Trungpa, Rinpoche introduced a secular discipline (Shambhala Training), that was appropriate for all beings, regardless of the conditions of their birth, status. or previous beliefs." (Osel Tendzin in Trungpa: 1984, page 195)...."People worry about a conflict between the religious and the profane...But the categories of higher and lower, religious and profane, do not really seem relevant to a basically sane approach to life."...(Trungpa: 1973..pg 47)..."Spiritual and secular vision could meet at sacred outlook." (Nalanda: 1980..pg 364)...

SIDDHI...magic power...Siddhi is a Sanskrit noun which can be translated as "perfection", "accomplishment", "attainment", or "success".In Tamil the word Siddhar/Chitthar refers to someone who has attained the Siddhic powers & knowledge. Chitta is pure consciousness/knowledge in Sanskrit also....The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali, compiled around 400 BC from many older traditions, goes into great depth about how to obtain various siddhis....The term siddhi is later found in the Mahabharata."

SKY GAZING...(nam mkha ar gtad)(rig pa nam mkhar gtad) ..."enables us to integrate the empty condition of our mind with the empty space of the sky." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 93 & 119)..."In Mithraic iconography, the Sovereign Sky has an eye in the long solar ray that penetrates the world cave." (Campbell: 1968..pg 99)....“Dzogchen is the apex of Buddhism; Atiyoga is the supreme mode of Dzogchen; Trekcho/Togel is unitary atiyoga; Sky-gazing is the way of nonmeditation. If you can simply sit and watch, Dzogchen sky-gazing will bring ultimate or relative siddhi.”...http://keithdowman.net/diary/

SOCIETY...."Shinto grasps truth in concrete expression and takes social groups such as the family, the village, the State, and makes them arenas for realizing the truth of the gods." ...(Jinja: 1958..pg 5)....“Although the Shambhala tradition is founded on the sanity and gentleness of the Buddhist tradition, at the same time, it has its own independent basis, which is directly cultivating who and what we are as human beings. With the great problems facing human society, it seems increasingly important to find simple and non-sectarian ways to work with ourselves and to share our understanding with others....The Shambhala teachings or “Shambhala vision” as this approach is more broadly called, is one such attempt to encourage a wholesome existence for ourselves and others.”– Chögyam Trungpa Rinpoche, author of Shambhala: The Sacred Path of the Warrior

SPACE...(kLong)..."the warrior, fundamentally, is someone who is not afraid of space...the truth of non-reference point." (Trungpa:1984, pg 155)...klong: basic space, expanse...mkha: sky, space, heaven....thog ma'i dbyings: primordial basic space....spyi klong: cosmic space....gzhi klong: basic space..."mkha: external space...klong: internal space...dbying: secret space" (Wangyal: 1993..pg 118)...."The word lungta...lung represents the space element,,,the term is sometimes found in the meaning ascribed to long (klong): space...significance between long and namkha (space,sky)." (Norbu:1995...pg 69)...."The Tibetan Book of the Dead is actually a 'Book of Space.' Space contains birth and death; space creates the environment in which to behave, breathe and act, it is the fundamental environment." (Trungpa: Tibetan Book of the Dead: 1975...pg 1)...."three kinds of absolute emptiness or space: 'mkha' is external space conceived without consideration of the things contained within it. 'kLong' is the space of objects that exist within the mkha...and dbying is the space of direct experience as such." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 118)...."Tachyons, particles moving faster that the speed of light, do not experience real time (imaginary space). They move in imaginary time (real space) quite easily." (Wolf: Parallel Universes..pg 130)...Absolute space: chos dbyings...(sk:dharmadhatu)..the expanse of reality..."the mind breaks out of the cage of fixed concepts of definite space and existence and enters the open space of myriad worlds." (kongtrul: 1995..pg 49)..."Throughout our lives, there are occasional experiences of this black hole, suspended space, where we have no reference point."..(Trungpa: 1996..pg 41)....

SQUARE ZERO...."Square One is the basic ground from which we function, and square zero seems to be beyond our even functioning. There is no reference point anymore, just zero. Try it!"...~ from Ocean of Dharma by Chogyam Trungpa edited by Carolyn Rose Gimian

SACRED SPACE..."Conceived as linking the ancestral past and the messianic future, the mountains are not only the lords of a sacred space, but also the lords of time." (Blondeau: 1996...pg 226)...."In an article describing the different stages of the process of sacralization of space in Japan, Grapard (1982) shows that several mountains came flying to that country from India and China." (Blondeau: 1996..pg 81)..."The first kind of sacred space derives from Shinto, and quite likely from pre-Shinto indigenous traditions in Japan. A place is considered to be sacred if a deity has shown itself there; thus, Shinto temples were believed to have been built where kami had appeared to humans."....Written by: Julia Hardy...http://www.patheos.com/Library/Zen/Ritual-Worship-Devotion-Symbolism/Sacred-Space

SOUND,LIGHT,RAYS...The tibetan terms: sgra (sound)[sgralha], 'od (light)['odkar], zer (rays)[zermig]. The relationship of these three elements with the kun gzhi (basis)[Kuntu Sangpo:Basic Goodness]. Excellent description of the relationship between heart, eyes, and space: (Reynolds:1996 pps 121, 150, 157)...."Sun Ray Particles" (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 168)...(Rangdrol: 1990..page 45)...."Everything that arises as manifest phenomenon, consisting of sounds, lights, and rays (sgra 'od zer gsum)...this energy, in the form of light, originates in the heart of the individual." (Reynolds: 1996..pg 157)..."This state of Primeval Purity manifests in the milieu of three elements: sound (sgra), light ('od), and ray (zer). This luminosity resides in the heart of the body like a lighted lamp in a vase." (Karmay: 1988..pg 204).....Sound, light, rays: See (Wangyal:1993..pg 134)..."When the 3 great visions (sound, light, rays) arise, we are in the bardo of the clear light of the essential reality, and that they are our own projections." (Wangyal: 1993..pp190-191)..."the name we give to this display of sound, light and color is 'spontaneous presence'."..(Sogyal: 1992..pg 275)..."The Mithraic solar ray that penetrates into the world cave."..(Campbell: 1968..pg 99)..."O Agni, thy pure bright, flaming rays arise." (Keith: 1967..pg 63)..."Draw in breath from the rays"..(Meyer:1976..pg 7)

SOUND...."the spelling sgra-la (la of sound) is based on a very deep principle. Although not visible, sound is perceived through the sense of hearing and is linked to the Cha (the individual's positive force, the base of prosperity), and wangthang (ascendancy-capacity [authentic presence]), both aspects related with the protective deities and entities since birth. Sound is considered the foremost connection between the individual and his la. This is the meaning of the word sgra-la." (Norbu: 1995...pg 62)...."the deities are invoked with the sound of the drum, the shang, the conch shell, and the flute (rgya gling)." (Norbu: 1995..pg 53

SINGULARITIES..."There are regions of space time where distortions occur. Space and time become highly stretched. In the vicinity of the distortions, gateways to other universes occur." (Wolf: Parallel Universes..pg 143)..."How come dark matter doesn't clump up into black holes / singularities or sun shaped objects?....Singularities, dark matter, and dark energy. A connection?"...https://www.physicsforums.com

SPIRITUAL JUNKYARD...."If one is living in a spiritual junkyard, the way to develop an appreciation of your collection is to start with one item, that would be the equivalent of having one object in an empty room."...(Trungpa: 1973..pg 22)....Chögyam Trungpa wrote a book on "spiritual materialism," warning his students not to transform the teachings into an "antique shop" or "junkyard" of beliefs and practices. You have to get the ego out of it, he says."...Thomas Moore

SWASTIKA....(Tib: gYung Drung)..."the swastika is called the Gammodian Cross and is associated with the movements of heavenly bodies around the Great Bear. It represents the Solar Wheel and is found in sun worship around the world." (Rao: 1978..pg 7)..."Interesting swastika designs on the Grand Mosque of Cordoba in Spain."..."In ancient Persia, the palace of the King was located in the highest circle, the Garodman that was located in the realm of the sun. Within such a circle, the King withdrew from the view of his subjects."...(Campbell: 1968..pg 99)...In the Tibetan Bon tradition the swastika (Tib. gyung-drung), meaning 'eternal or unchanging', essentially corresponds to the Buddhist vajra.

THEISM, ATHEISM, NON-THEISM..."Theistic symbolism is a constant self-existing confirmation. In non-theistic symbolism, such as Buddhism, you don't exist, symbolism doesn't exist, and the universe doesn't exist. That's quite shocking!"..(Trungpa: 1996..pg 33)..."Shambhala is: Is it one path? How does it compare with Buddhism? What are we trying to pass on to future generations of Shambhalians? Some of us like to think that Shambhala encompasses all traditions, and that nothing is excluded. We are not theists, yet we have Jews and Christians in our Shambhala Training programs. Maybe we are everything after all? Both theistic and nontheistic, both religious and secular. Often we say that the Shambhala teachings capture the wisdom that exists in all humans, so different themes melt together and give birth to a vision of future society....people who are inspired by Shambhala teachings who practice a different religion are welcomed, and they will enrich the Shambhala mandala as Shambhalian Christians, Shambhalian Jews, and so forth.".... Shambhala Buddhism by Sakyong Mipham...May 23, 2000....http://shambhala.org/teachers/sakyong-mipham/shambhala-buddhism/

"THEKCHOD......The principle of Thekchod is the primordial purity of everything.....From the viewpoint of the Nying-thig teachings, the original state of the individual, one's inherent enlightened nature, is seen as being primordially pure and spontaneously self-perfected (lhun-grub). These two aspects of the state are realized in the two divisions of Nying-thig teaching and practice, namely, Thekchod and Thodgal....The term Thekchod (khregs-chod) literally means 'cutting loose (chod) the bundle (khregs)'....much as a woodman might cut loose the ties binding a bundle of sticks he has brought with him from the forest. In the case of the individual, this bundle is one's emotional and intellectual tensions and rigidities that keep one imprisoned in a self-created cage and prevent one from realizing one's intrinsic freedom. The principle point of Thekchod is to relax all these tensions of body, speech, and mind that obscure our inherent Buddha-nature, which has been primordially present as the Base (ye gzhi). In Thekchod practice, one settles into a state of contemplation without being distracted for a moment from the view of the primordial purity of our inherent nature. As the master Garab Dorje said: "Whatever is produced in the mind is unobstructed like the clouds in the sky. Having understood the meaning of the complete identity of all phenomenon (in terms of the essence of their emptiness), then when one enters into this (state of contemplation)without following them, this is the true meditation.".....Through the practice of Thekchod, one comes to understand and be totally familiar with the state of contemplation."......John Myrdhin Reynolds....'The Oral Traditions From Zhang-Zhung'....Page 33

"THODGAL......Whereas the principle of Thekchod is the primordial purity of everything, the principle of Thodgal is their spontaneous self-perfection.........The term Thodgal (thod rgal....Sanskrit: vyuthtkrantaka)...literally means "direct" (thod-rgal du) in the sense of an immediate and instantaneous transition from one location to another, where there is no intervening interval of time. Thus some would translate it as 'leap over'...but it is much more immediate than leaping about. Also, when we say 'vision' (snang-ha) we are not talking about visualization( (dmigs-pa) which, for example is used in Tantra. Visualization is a process which involves the working of the mind. However with Trkchod we have moved into a dimension beyond the mind and with Thodgal, one continues in this direction. Rather than visualizations created by mind we are talking about an integration with vision, with whatever arises spontaneously to vision while the practiiioner is in the state of contemplation. Therefore, the master of contemplation through the practice of Thekchod is an immediate prerequisite to the practice of Thodgal...Otherwise there is the danger of becoming caught up in one's visions, becoming distracted by them and believing them to be an objective reality. It is precisely this attachment to one's impure karmic visions that got the individual caught up in samsara in the first place".......John Myrdhin Reynolds....'The Oral Traditions From Zhang-Zhung'....Page 33

TREES...the oak, the rowan, and the hazel were the sacred trees of the Druids...traditionally, the Juniper has been the sacred tree of the Bon tradition..."In Shinto, the white oak is sacred."..(Jinja: 1958)...The Bon and pre-Bon concept of a three-levelled universe with a rope or ladder connecting earth and heaven has persisted in Tibetan folk religion (Mumford 1989:31 citing Hoffman 1961:15) and is found in surviving shamanist cultures throughout the Himalayas."...."In their imagination (the Gurung shamans) visit Khro- nasa, the Gurung underworld, going down nine ladders. The upper world is also reached by nine ladders, arriving at a mansion in Mu, the Gurung term for sky. The `middle' human world is connected to the upper world by a tree in the sacred grove at Tapje village, and also by a rock dome called Oble, the local Gurung land of the dead that is seen from the trail. (Mumford 1989:8).....Mumford notes that the Gurung description of this sacred tree is remarkably similar to the tree connecting the three worlds visited by Siberian shamans. (1089:8). (As Eliade points out, the Universal Tree that grows at the centre of the world and connects the cosmic zones of underworld, earth and heaven is common to all North and Central Asian mythologies.) (1964:37)"

TRUST..."You trust not in success, but in reality." (Trungpa: 1984..pg 73).... "Never, never trust.
But be friendly.
By being friendly towards others
You increase your non-trusting.
The idea is to be independent,
Not involved,
Not glued, one might say, to others.
Thus one becomes ever more
Compassionate and friendly.
Whatever happens, stand on your own feet
and memorise this incantation:
Do not trust.
-Chogyam Trungpa....From TIMELY RAIN, © 2015 by Diana J. Mukpo.

UNENLIGHTENED BEINGS..."cling to the idea that they, their worlds, and their experiences are ultimately real." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 49)...

WATER...."in the Kalachakra, energies arise from the ten directions and through pressure and friction, produce "primordial water'." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 41)...Anahita (Arədvī Sūrā Anāhitā); the Avestan language name of an Indo-Iranian cosmological figure venerated as the divinity of 'the Waters' (Aban) and hence associated with fertility, healing and wisdom.

WHEEL OF LIFE..."In ancient Persia, this may have suggested the ultimate Apogenesis and escape from the wheel of birth, perhaps as a soldier of the god, whereas incarnation is emphasized on the bottom register." (Campbell:1968..pg. 333)..."The historical origins of a concept of a cycle of repeated reincarnation are obscure but the idea appears frequently in religious and philosophical texts in both India and ancient Greece during the middle of the first millennium B.C.E.[2] Orphism, Platonism, Jainism and Buddhism all discuss the transmigration of beings from one life to another. The concept of reincarnation is present in the early Vedic texts such as the Rigveda but some scholars speculate it to have originated from the shramana traditions. Several scholars believe that reincarnation was adopted from this religious culture by the Historical Vedic religion and that Brahmins first wrote down scriptures containing these ideas in the early (Aitereya) Upanishads."....

WHITE...'the ancient Tibetan Kings, who were considered gods, wore white silk and cotton."...(Kohn: 1997...pg 390)..."During the Song Dynasty, the Manichaeans were derogatorily referred by the Chinese as chicai simo (meaning that they "abstain from meat and worship demons"). An account in Fozu Tongji, an important historiography of Buddhism in China compiled by Buddhist scholars during 1258-1269, says that the Manichaens worshipped the "white Buddha" and their leader wore a violet headgear, while the followers wore white costumes." ....

WHITE 'A'..."O great White Light of (the letter) A of the womb of space"(Nalanda Translation Committee: Lopez:1997..pg 403)....The seventh level in the Nine Ways of Bon is the Way of the White Letter A (A-dkar theg-pa). (Snellgrove:1967)....."A' represents the unconditioned primordial state, the natural state of mind; it is white to represent the innate purity of mind." (Wangyal: 1993..pg 41)..."The Seventh Vehicle is 'The White A'. The sacred A is the symbol of the 'Pure Sound'...the origin of all earthly sounds and of all effects in the phenomenal world." (Hoffman: 1975...pg 110)...

WIND..."a special wind from this sphere becomes instrumental in the creation of new worlds." (Kongtrul: 1995..pg 42)...

WINDHORSE...(T:lungta...Sk: prana...Ch: ch'i): Mipham (1846-1912): "to write klung-rta (river horse) is not beautiful. It should be written rlung-rta (windhorse)". (Karmay 1993)...LUNG means wind and TA means horse. Invoking secret drala is the experience of raising windhorse, raising a wind of delight and power and riding on, or conquering, that energy...a feeling of being completely and powerfully in the present...connect yourself to the inconceivable vision and wisdom of the cosmic mirror on the spot." (Trungpa: 1984..Pg 114)...The Tibetan text: "Cult of the Deities of the Lungta" A Buddhist text from the 14th century. Includes an invocation to the deities of the four directions. (Norbu:1995, pg70)....klung: river, stream....klung rta: luck, fortune....rlung: wind, breath, vital energy, prana, energy currents of the body, element wind...rlungta: the wind horse...."The klungta is a protective energy tied to a person's bla and phywa and is based on the function of the five elements." (Norbu:1995..pg 249)...."klun-rta (rlun-rta) is regularly written as sruns-rta." (Snellgrove: 1967...pg 9)

XRATU....."The power of 'xratu/rising' is an energy closely connected with visionary insight, indeed it is the cause of it. The moment of dawning when Mithra and his retinue are manifested." (Piras: 1996...pg 15)..."The relationship between daena (the medium of sight) and xratu (a mental sphere). Possession of daena/vision is manifested with the action of an eye enhanced with the energy of xratu, displaying the features of 'rising. Vision derives from the possession of the 'asna xratu', which is itself the faculty of vision of 'Jan', whence the eye is ordered." (Piras: 1996...pg 14)...

XVARENAH....(Xvarnah, Xwarrarh, farrah, khurrah,See Khvarenah)

YANG...." In the I Ching, yin is the cloudy, the overcast and yang actually means 'banners waving in the sun' or 'something shone upon bright'. Yang is bright because it reflects the light." (Wilhelm: I Ching..pg lvi)..."the notion of symbolic wealth is yang".(Karmay: 1975..pg 209)...

ZIJI...(gzi brjid) (gzhi)...the Tibetan word for confidence. ZI means shine or glitter. JI means splendor or dignity. Means to shine out, rejoicing while remaining dignified. (Trungpa:84...pg 85)...."A person possessed fully of the blessings and health that come from the gods is said to be "full of splendor" (gzi brjid can). This splendor, majesty is pronounced ziji in Tibetan, and is an actual radiant force that envelops a healthy and prosperous being, whether god or man." (Kornman: In Lopez...pg.82)...."gzi brjid: brilliance, majestic brilliance, splendor, charisma, glamour, confidence, light, radiance, full of splendor, overwhelming presence, resplendent radiance..."
....gzi: nine eyed onyx stone....gzi byin: overwhelming presence...gzig: leopard....gzig stangs gsum: the three gazes..."This state of pure and total awareness (rigpa) is the primordially pure ground of being itself (gzhi)."..(Kongtrul: 1995..pg 54)...

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Email....okarresearch@gmail.com

September 2012 (Updated December 2015)

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